【1】　　Scientific research

　　Scientific research can be divided into basic science, also known as pure science, and applied science. In basic science, science working primarily at academic institutions pursues research simply to satisfy the thirst for knowledge. in applied science, scientists at industrial corporations conduct to achieve some kind of practical or profitable gain.

　　In practice ,the division between basic and applied science is not always clear-cut. This if because discoveries that initially seen to have no practical use often develop one as time goes-by. For example , superconductivity, the ability to conduct electricity with no resistance ,was little more than a laboratory curiosity when Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovered it in 1911. today superconducting electromagnets are used in an ever-increasing number of important applications, from diagnostic medical equipment to powerful particle accelerators.

　　Scientists study the origin of the solar system by analyzing meteorites and collecting data from satellites and space probes. They search for the secrets of life processes by observing the activity of individual molecules in living cells. They observe the patterns of human relationships in the customs of aboriginal tribes. In each of these varied investigations the questions asked and the means employed to find answers are different. All the inquiries, however ,share a common approach to problem solving known as the scientific method, scientists may work alone or they collaborate with other scientists, in all cases, a scientists submit their findings to science forums,such as science journals and conferences , in order to subject the findings to the scrutiny of their peers.

　　31. in applied science , scientists work in order to

　　A make it more advanced than basic science.

　　B get something beneficial and make a profit.

　　C satisfy the desire to know more about the universe.

　　D change the function of a device.Ｗww.KaＯ8.CC

　　32. the write uses the example of superconductivity to tell us that

　　A that superconductivity can be used in diagnostic medical equipment.

　　B that superconductivity can be used in powerful particle accelerators.

　　C that it is Heike Kamerligh Onnes who discovered superconductivity.

　　D that pure science can be turned into applied science as time goes by.

　　33 all scientists are the same because they

　　A search for details by analyzing data.

　　B try to tell the secrets of the universe.

　　C obey the rules set by their forefathers in the scientific world.

　　D adopt the scientific method when solving problems.

　　34 what is the advantage of publishing the science papers in a science forum?

　　A they will be appreciated by the public.

　　B they will be tested by other scientists.

　　C they will bring the author a lot of money.

　　D they will be ratified as the truth by the authorities.

　　35.what does the writer want to show us in the passage?

　　A Pure Science and Applied Science.

　　B How Scientists Work.

　　C Scientific Method.

　　D The discovery of Heike Kamerligh Onnes.

　　参考答案; B D D B B

【2】　　A Dolphin and an Astronomer

　　One day in 1963, a dolphin named Elvar and a famous astronomer, Carl Sagan, were playing a little game. The astronomer was visiting an institute which was looking into the way dolphins communicate with each other. Sagan was standing on the edge of one of the tanks where several of these friendly, highly intelligent creatures were kept. Elvar had just swum up alongside him and had turned on his back.

　　The dolphin wanted Sagan to scratch his stomach again, as the astronomer had done twice before. Elvar looked up at Sagan, waiting. Then, after a minute or so, the dolphin leapt up through the water and made a sound just like the word "more". The astonished astronomer went to the director of the institute and told him about the incident. "Oh, yes. That's one of the words he knows," the director said, showing no surprise at all.

　　Dolphins have bigger brains in proportion to their body size than humans have, and it has been known for a long time that they can make a number of sounds. What is more, these sounds seem to have different functions, such as warning each other of danger. Sound travels much faster and much further in water than it does in air. That is why the parts of the brain that deal with sound are much better developed in dolphins than in humans. But can it be said that dolphins have a 'language', in the real sense of the word? Scientists don't agree on this.

　　A language is not just a collection of sounds, or even words. A language has a structure and what we call a grammar. The structure and grammar of a language help to give it meaning. For example, the two questions 'Who loves Mary?' and 'Who does Mary love?' mean very different things. If you stop to think about it, you will see that this difference doesn't come from the words in the question but from the difference in structure. That is why the question 'Can dolphins speak?' can't be answered until we find out if dolphins not only make sounds but also arrange them in a grammatical order which affects their meaning.

　　1 The astronomer was not interested in the way dolphins communicate with each other.

　　A Right

　　B Wrong

　　C Not mentioned

　　2 The dolphin leapt up into the air because Sagan was too near the water.

　　A Right

　　B Wrong

　　C Not mentioned

　　3 Parts of the dolphin's brain are particularly well developed to handle different kinds of sound.

　　A Right

　　B Wrong

　　C Not mentioned

　　4 Dolphins are the most useful animals to humans.

　　A Right

　　B Wrong

　　C Not mentioned

　　5 Dolphins travel faster in water than any other animals.

　　A Right

　　B Wrong

　　C Not mentioned

　　6 Some scientists believe that dolphins have a language of their own.

　　A Right

　　B Wrong

　　C Not mentioned

　　7 Sounds can be called a language only when they have a structure and a grammar.

　　A Right

　　B Wrong

　　C Not mentioned

　　【参考答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. A