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（一）Food Fright
Experiments under way in several labs aim to create beneficial types of genetically modified (GM) foods, including starchier potatoes and caffeine-free coffee beans. Genetic engineers are even trying to transfer genes from a cold-winter fish to make a frost-resistant tomato.
A low-sugar GM strawberry now in the works might one day allow people with health problems such as diabetes to enjoy the little delicious red fruits again. GM beans and grains supercharged with protein might help people at risk of developing kwashiorkor. Kwashiorkor, a disease caused by severe lack of protein, is common in parts of the world where there are severe food shortages.
Commenting on GM foods, Jonathon Jones, a British researcher, said: "The future benefits will be enormous, and the best is yet to come".
To some people, GM foods are no different from unmodified foods. "A tomato is a tomato," said Brian Sansoni, an American food manufacturer.
Critics of GM foods challenge Sansonis opinion. They worry about the harm that GM crops might do to people, other animals, and plants.
In a recent lab study conducted at Cornell University, scientists tested pollen made by Bt corn, which makes up one-fourth of the U.S. corn crop. The scientist sprinkled the pollen onto milkweed, a plant that makes a milky juice and is the only known food source of the monarch butterfly caterpillar. Within four days of munching on the milkweed leaves, almost half of a test group of caterpillars had died. "Monarchs are considered to be a flagship species for conservation." said Cornell researcher Linda Raynor. "This is a warning bell."
Some insects that are not killed by GM foods might find themselves made stronger. How so? The insecticides used to protect most of todays crops are sprayed on the crops when needed and decay quickly in the environment. But GM plants produce a continuous level of insecticide. Insect species feeding on those crops may develop resistance to the plants and could do so in a hurry, say the critics. Insects may also develop a resistance to the insecticide Bt.
At the forum on GM food held last year in Canada. GM crops that have been made resistant to the herbicide might crossbreed with wild plants, creating "superweeds" that could take over whole fields.
So where do you stand? Should GM food be banned in the United States, as they are in parts of Europe? Or do their benefits outweigh any of the risks they might carry?
31. Paragraphs 1,2&3 tries to give the idea that _____ .
A) GM foods may bring about great benefits to humans
B) We cannot recognize the benefits of GM foods too early
C) GM foods may have both benefits and harm
D) GM foods are particularly good to the kwashiorkor patients
32. Why is the case of the pollen-sprayed milkweed citied in Paragraph 6?
A) It is cited to show GM foods can kill insects effectively.
B) It is cited to show GM foods contain more protein.
C) It is cited to show GM foods also have a dark side.
D) It is cited to show GM foods may harm crops.
33. What happens to those insects when not killed by the spray of insecticide?
A) They may lose their ability to produce offspring.
B) They may have a higher ability to adapt to the environment.
C) They move to other fields free from insecticide.
D) They never eat again those plants containing insecticide.
34. Which of the following statements concerning banning GM foods is true according to the passage?
A) Underdeveloped countries have banned GM foods.
B) Both Europe and the U.S. have banned GM foods.
C) Most European countries have not banned GM foods.
D) The United States has not banned GM foods.
35. What is the writers attitude to GM foods?
A) We cannot tell from the passage.
B) He thinks their benefits outweigh their risks.
C) He thinks their risks outweigh their benefits.
D) He thinks their benefits and risks are balanced.
（二）Mom's Traffic Accidents
The bicycling craze came in when were just about the right age to enjoy it. At first even "safety" bicycles were too dangerous and improper for ladies to ride, and they had to have tricycles. My mother had (I believe) the first female tricycle in Cambridge; and I had a little one, and we used to go out for family rides, all together; my father in front on a bicycle, and my poor brother Charles standing miserable on the bar behind my mother. I found it very hard work, pounding away on my hard tyres; a glorious, but not a pleasurable pastime.
Then, one day at lunch, my father said he had just seen a new kind of tyre, filled up with air, and he thought it might be a success. And soon after that everyone had bicycles, ladies and all; and bicycling became the smart thing, and the lords and ladies had their pictures in the papers, riding along in the park, in straw boater hats.
My mother must have fallen off her bicycle pretty often, for I remember seeing the most appalling cuts and bruises on her legs. But she never complained, and always kept these mishaps to herself. However, the great Mrs. Phillips, our cook, always knew all about them; as indeed she knew practically everything that ever happened. She used to draw us into the servants hall to tell us privately. "Her Ladyship had a nasty fall yesterday; she cut both her knees and sprained her wrist. But don't let her know I told you. " So we never dared say anything. Similar little accidents used to occur when, at the age of nearly seventy, she insisted on learning to drive a car. She never mastered the art of reversing, and was in every way an unconventional and terrifying driver. Mrs. Phillips used then to tell us: "Her Ladyship ran into the back of a milk-cart yesterday; but it wasn' much hurt"; or "A policeman stopped her Ladyship because she was on the wrong side of the road; but she said she didn't know what the white line on the road meant, so he explained and let her go on." Mrs. Phillips must have had an excellent Intelligence Service command, for the stories were always true enough.
36.Women did not ride bicycles at first because
A) they demanded too much hard work.
B) they were considered unsafe and unladylike.
C) tricycles were more enjoyable.
D) tricycles could carry young children as well.[page]
37. How did the writer feel about tricycles?
A) They were very hard to ride.
B) They were safer and more convenient for women.
C) They were not as fast as bicycles.
D) They were not proper for women to ride.
38.Cyclying became popular when _____ .
A) the writers father popularized it
B) air-filled tyres began to be used
C) aristocratic people started enjoying it
D) newspapers had pictures of cyclists
39.The writer admires Mrs. Phillips because _____ .
A) she was an excellent cook
B) she was in command of all the servants
C) she could keep secrets
D) she knew everything that went on
40. The writer's mother always had car accident later because _____ .
A) she could not control the car
B) she was very old then
C) she did not understand the road system
D) she behaved arrogantly
（三）The Sea
What do you know about the sea? We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it. We also know that it can be very rough when there is a strong wind. What other things do we know about it?
The first thing to remember is that the sea is very big. When you look at the map of the world you will find there is more water than land. The sea covers three quarters of the world.
The sea is also very deep in some places. It is not deep everywhere. Some parts of the sea are very shallow. But in some places the depth of the sea is very great. There is one spot, near Japan, where the sea is nearly 11 kilometers deep! The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers high. If that mountain were put into the sea at that place, there would be 2 kilometers of water above it! What a deep place!
If you have swum in the sea, you know that it is salty. You can taste the salt. Rivers, which flow into the sea, carry salt from the land into the sea. Some parts of the sea are saltier than other parts. There is one sea, called the Dead Sea, which is very salty. It is so salty that swimmers cannot sink! Fish cannot live in the Dead Sea!
In most parts of the sea, there are plenty of fishes and plants. Some live near the top of the sea. Others live deep down. There are also millions of tiny living things that float in the sea. These floating things are so small that it is hard to see them. Many fish live by eating these.
The sea can be very cold. Divers who go deep down in the sea know this. On the top the water may be warm. When the diver goes downwards, the sea becomes colder and colder. Another thing happens. When the diver goes deeper, the water above presses down on him. It squeezes him. Then the diver has to wear clothes made of metal. But he cannot go very deep. Some people who wanted to go very deep used a very strong diving ship! They went down to the deepest part of the sea in it. They went down to a depth of eleven kilometers!
41. When does the sea look beautiful?
A) When it is calm
B) When the weather is fine
C) When there is a strong wind
D) When there is a storm
42. How much of the earths surface does land cover?
A) 15%
B) 25%
C) 30%
D) 45%
43. Why does the author cite the sea somewhere near Japan?
A) To show that the sea in some places is very deep.
B) To show that the sea in some places is very shallow.
C) To show that its depth is 9 kilometers greater than the height of the highest mountain.
D) To show that its depth is 11 kilometers greater than the height of the highest mountain.
44. Which of the following statements about the Dead Sea is NOT true?
A) There are plenty of fishes in it.
B) It is a safe place for swimmers.
C) It is extremely salty.
D) No fish can be found in it.
45. Why can't people go very deep in the sea?
A) Because the deepest part of the sea is very cold.
B) Because the deepest part of the sea is very rough.
C) Because the pressure of the water at great depths is unendurable.
D) Because fierce fish usually live there.
「正确答案」 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
「正确答案」 36. B 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. A
「正确答案」 41. B 42. B 43. A 44. A 45. C
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2012年职称英语（卫生类A级）补全短文模拟练习题及答案汇总
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