Unit 12 Customs and Port Procedures

一）基本要求
　　了解：Departure formalities
　　熟悉： Arrival Formalities
　　掌握：Custom Clearance
二）考试内容：
　　1. Arrival Formalities
　　A vessel entering a country from any place outside has to call first at a port which is indicated by the Government as a customs port.
　　However, the vessel can start unloading goods only after the customs authorities grant the necessary permit, called “Entry Inwards”（进口报关单）, to the vessel on submission by the master or agent of the vessel of an “Import Manifest” containing particulars of the cargo on board in the prescribed form.
　　The import manifest has to be accompanied by other documents
　　as may be required such as:
　　Certificates like the load line;
　　Safety radio telegraphy and safety equipment;
　　Certificate of registry;
　　Port clearance from the last port of call;
　　Crew list;
　　Stores list; and
　　Declaration regarding personal property of officers and crew.
　　2. Departure Formalities
　　3. Custom clearance
　　All import cargo has to be landed at the customs port and should not be removed out customs control without the written permission of the customs authorities.
　　Before permission is given to remove the goods out of customs control, the owner or agent is required to submit a Bill of Entry（报关单）, Customs Declaration （申报单） or Inward Permit （进口许可证）, as may be prescribed by law, in the prescribed form to enable the customs authorities to examine and appraise the goods.
　　The Bill of Entry usually contains particulars such as value, quantity, description of goods, name of the ship, port of shipment, and such other particulars as may be prescribed by the customs authorities. These particulars have to tally with those contained in the relevant import manifest.
　　The customs authorities have powers to examine the goods imported. The examination may be physical（实体） - visual（直观） inspection, counting, weighing, measuring, chemical test, etc. - or documentary, that is calling for relevant documents such as invoice, banker's note, policy of insurance for verifying the value, quantity or description of goods.
　　The exporter has to submit to the customs authorities the Shipping Bill or Export Declaration or Outward Export Permit as may be prescribed by law in the prescribed form. The Shipping Bill may be accompanied by such documents as may be prescribed by the customs authorities, for example, invoices and packaging list, export license (for controlled goods), inspection certificate (wherever applicable), health certificate for live animals, etc.