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1Inventory

The objective in inventory strategy is to achieve desired customer service with the minimum inventory commitment(最低库存量).

Logistical strategies should be designed to maintain the lowest possible financial investment in inventory.

A sound inventory strategy is based on a combination of five aspects of selective deployment(选择性调度结合基础上)： core customer segmentation(核心客户的分离)， product profitability(产品利润率)， transportation integration(运输整合)， time-based performance(时间性绩效)， and competitive performance(竞争性绩效).

2ransportation

Transportation requirements can be satisfied in three basic ways.

First， a private fleet of equipment may be operated. Second， contracts may be arranged with dedicated transport specialists. Third， an enterprise may engage the services of a wide variety of carriers that provide different transportation services on a per shipment basis.

From the logistical system viewpoint， three factors are fundamental to transportation performance： cost， speed， and consistency. In designing a logistical system， a delicate balance must be maintained between transportation cost and service quality.(设计物流系统必须在运输成本和服务质量之间保持一种精妙的平衡)

3rder processing

In most supply chains， customer requirements are transmitted in the form of orders. The processing of these orders involves all aspects of managing customer requirements from initial order receipt， delivery， invoicing， and collection.

(订单处理包括管理客户需求的各方面，从最初接受订单、交货，到开具发票、收款)

4arehousing， Materials

Handling， and Packaging

Inventory typically needs to be warehoused at selected times during the logistics process.

Transportation vehicles require materials handling for efficient loading and unloading.

Finally， the individual products are most efficiently handled when packaged together into shipping cartons or other unit loads.

When effectively integrated into an enterprise’s logistical operations， warehousing， materials handling， and packaging facilitate the speed and overall ease of product flow throughout the logistical system.

3.5 Facility Network

In business operations， the number， size， and geographical relationship of facilities used to perform logistical operations directly impacts customer service capabilities and cost.

Network design is a primary responsibility of logistical management since a firm’s facility structure is used to ship products and materials to customers.

Typical logistics facilities are manufacturing plants， warehouses， cross-dock (码头之间)operations， and retail stores.

The selection of a superior locational network can provide a significant step toward achieving

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2014年国际货运代理人《货代英语》考试重点汇总