【1】More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing

　　1.Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known，new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.

　　2.Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep，as well as a number of other sleep problems，than people who sleep 8 hours a night.People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night’s sleep than 8-hour sleepers.

　　3.These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night’s rest may not need to set aside。more than 8 hours a night.He added that“it might be a good idea'’for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.

　　4.Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep一for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.

　　5.For the current report，Kripke reviewed the responses of 1，004 adults to sleep questionnaires，in which participants indicated how much they slept during the Week and whether they experienced any sleep problems.Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night，arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep，and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning.

　　6.KriDke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed.As evidence，he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed.“It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they’ll spend a higher percentage of time awake.”he said.

　　1. Paragraph 2 ___.

　　2. Paragraph 4___.

　　3. Paragraph 5___.

　　4. Paragraph 6___.

　　A. Keprike’s research tool

　　B. Dangers of Habitual shortages of sleep

　　C. Criticism on Kripke’s report

　　D. A way of overcoming insomnia

　　E. Sleep problems of long and short sleepers

　　F. Classification of sleep problems

　　5.To get a good night’s rest，people may not need to ___.

　　6.Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to___.

　　7. One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night，unable to___.

　　8. One survey showed that people who habitually ___each night have a higher risk of dying.

　　A fall asleep again .

　　B become more energetic the following day

　　C sleep less than 7 hoursＷww.KaＯ8.CC

　　D confirm those serious consequences

　　E suffer sleep problems

　　F sleep more than 8 hours

　　答案：

　　1. E 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. F 6. E 7. A 8. C

【2】The Open University in Britain

　　1 In 1963 the leader of the Labour Party made a speech explaining plans for a " university of the air"-an educational system which would make use of television, radio and correspondence courses. Many people laughed at the idea, but it became part of the Labour Party's programme to give educational opportunity to those people who, for one reason or another, had not had a chance to receive further education.

　　2 By 1969 plans were well advanced and by August 1970 the Open University, as it is now called, had received 400,000 applications. Only 25,000 could be accepted for the four "foundation" courses offered: social sciences, arts, science and mathematics. Unsuccessful candidates were told to apply again the following year, when a foundation course in technology would also be offered.

　　3 The first teaching programmes appeared on the air and screen in January 1971, with clerks, farm workers, housewives, teachers, policemen and many others as students. Correspondence units had been carefully prepared and science students were given devices for a small home laboratory. Study centers have been set up all over the country so that students can attend once a week, and once a year they will spend a week at one of the university's summer schools.

　　4 It has been nearly 30 years since the Open University started to offer courses. Now it is a very important part of the British educational system. Not only does it offer foundation courses like those mentioned above, it also carries out very advanced scientific researches, some of which lead to Master's or PH.D Degrees. Many other countries have started similar educational programmes following the successful example of the Open University in Britain.

　　1. Paragraph 2_____________.

　　2. Paragraph 3_____________.

　　3. Paragraph 4_____________.

　　A Progress since its founding

　　B Special facilities of the university

　　C Enrollment in the early days

　　D Teaching staff of the university

　　4. In Britain, besides taking academic courses on TV and on radio, people can also_____________.

　　5. The Labour Party was the first party in Britain that_____________.

　　6. In 1971, the Open University started to_____________.

　　7. When the Open University first started, there were more applicants_____________.

　　A put forward the idea of founding the Open University

　　B than it could admit

　　C learn through correspondence

　　D offer foundation courses in technology

　　E charge students a low tuition fee

　　答案: C B A C A D B